Artheru：Initial bilingual draft (auto-published)

2026-05-16T11:26:53Z

Initial bilingual draft (auto-published)

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== 概述 / Overview ==
"绕障行走"指 AGV 在 [[Special:MyLanguage/巡线行走|巡线行走]] 的基础上叠加 ''局部障碍感知与降速 / 短距偏避''能力。MDCS 中的绕障 ''不是动态重规划''（那是调度层 SimpleCore 的工作），而是 ''线段内的安全反应''：当前向激光检测到障碍时，先减速到停，必要时小幅横向避让；如果障碍持续存在 > 阈值时间，调度会接管做全局重路径。

"Obstacle-aware line following" adds ''local obstacle perception with deceleration and small lateral avoidance'' on top of [[Special:MyLanguage/巡线行走|line following]]. MDCS does '''not''' do dynamic global re-planning here — that's SimpleCore's job. The Movement-level logic is ''in-segment safety reaction'': decelerate-to-stop on a detected obstacle, optionally small lateral nudge; if the obstacle persists beyond a threshold, the scheduler takes over with a full reroute.

== 与全局重规划的分工 / Division with global replanning ==
{| class="wikitable"
! 层 / Layer !! 触发 / Trigger !! 反应 / Reaction
|-
| Clumsy Movement (本页) || 前向激光 ROI 内有点 / Front lidar ROI has points || 减速 / 停车 / 小幅横向避让
|-
| SimpleCore 调度 || 障碍持续 > T_obstacle_stale (默认 8 s) || 重新规划该车的路径段
|-
| 全局地图重建 || 障碍很久不消失（> T_map_invalid） || 标记地图段为永久不可达
|}

The split is deliberate: Movement-level responses must be ≤ tens of milliseconds; scheduler-level replanning is hundreds of milliseconds and global. They cooperate via the per-segment "stuck" flag.

== 关键参数 / Key parameters ==
绕障字段附加在 `SteeringLineFollowing` 之上（或它的"绕障变体"`SteeringLineFollowingWithAvoid`）：

These fields are layered on top of `SteeringLineFollowing` (or its avoidance-aware sibling `SteeringLineFollowingWithAvoid`):

{| class="wikitable"
! 字段 / Field !! 默认 / Default !! 含义 / Meaning
|-
| `obstacleROIStart` / `obstacleROIEnd` || 视场前向 ±15° || 障碍检测的角度区间 / FOV slice for obstacle detection
|-
| `obstacleROILength` || 1500 mm || 检测距离上限 / max distance considered
|-
| `obstacleSlowDist` || 1500 mm || 进入此距离开始降速 / start decelerating
|-
| `obstacleStopDist` || 400 mm || 在此距离停车 / hard stop
|-
| `obstacleMinPoints` || 4 || 多少个点视为"真障碍"（去抗 ghost）
|-
| `lateralAvoid` || `false` || 是否允许小幅横向偏避（仅全向车 / 双阿克曼蟹行可用）
|-
| `lateralAvoidMax` || 250 mm || 横向最大偏移 / max lateral nudge
|-
| `stuckTimeoutMs` || 8000 || 持续受阻多久后向调度告警 / report-stuck timeout
|}

== 工作机制 / How it works ==
1. 每个 tick 读最新激光点云 `cachedLidar`（参见 [[Special:MyLanguage/2D激光雷达适配|2D 激光适配]]）。
2. 用 ROI 过滤：只关心角度在 `[obstacleROIStart, obstacleROIEnd]`、距离在 `[0, obstacleROILength]` 的点。
3. 统计 ROI 内点数 ≥ `obstacleMinPoints` 时认定"有障碍"，记录 ''最近距离'' d_obs。
4. 计算速度上限：
- d_obs ≥ obstacleSlowDist → basespeed
- obstacleStopDist < d_obs < obstacleSlowDist → 线性插值降速
- d_obs ≤ obstacleStopDist → 0（停车）
5. 如果 `lateralAvoid = true` 且持续受阻 > 500 ms，启用 ''小幅横向偏避''：把虚拟前瞻点向无障碍一侧偏 `lateralAvoidMax`，重新做纯跟踪。
6. 如果连续受阻 > `stuckTimeoutMs`，把 ''segment stuck'' 标志置 true → SimpleCore 调度立即重新寻路。

1. Each tick read `cachedLidar` from the front lidar.
2. ROI filter on the angle/distance slice.
3. Points ≥ `obstacleMinPoints` → mark obstacle, record nearest distance d_obs.
4. Speed cap: linear ramp between `obstacleStopDist` (0) and `obstacleSlowDist` (basespeed).
5. If `lateralAvoid` is on, after 500 ms of blockage shift the look-ahead point sideways.
6. After `stuckTimeoutMs` continuous blockage, flag the segment as stuck → scheduler replans.

== 调用样例 / Example ==
<syntaxhighlight lang="csharp">
public void DriveAvoiding(double sx, double sy, double dx, double dy)
{
Queue(async () =>
{
DriveTask.WaitDriveTask(new SteeringLineFollowingWithAvoid
{
srcX = sx, srcY = sy, dstX = dx, dstY = dy,
basespeed = 800,

obstacleSlowDist = 1500,
obstacleStopDist = 400,
obstacleMinPoints = 4,
lateralAvoid = false, // 普通阿克曼车关闭
stuckTimeoutMs = 8000
}.Follow());
});
}
</syntaxhighlight>

== 调试要点 / Tuning ==
* '''误触发停车''' / False positives → 增大 `obstacleMinPoints`（地面反射或飞虫的少量点会被忽略）。
* '''反应迟钝''' / Slow to react → 减小 `obstacleSlowDist` 接近 `obstacleStopDist`，但太接近会跌停（无平滑减速）。
* '''横向避让撞两侧''' / Lateral nudge into walls → 减小 `lateralAvoidMax`；或在调度可达性中声明 ''两侧不可避''。
* '''反复 stuck / replan 抖动''' / Flap between stuck / unstuck → 增大 `stuckTimeoutMs`，避免短暂遮挡引发重路径。

== 全向车与蟹行避让 / Omni & crab avoidance ==
全向车与双阿克曼车型可以 ''真'' 横向避让（不改变车头朝向就能侧移）。对应 Movement 是 `OmniLineFollowingWithAvoid` 与 `CrabLineFollowingWithAvoid`，它们的 `lateralAvoidMax` 可以放宽到 600 mm。

Omni and double-Ackermann vehicles can truly translate laterally without yawing. Use `OmniLineFollowingWithAvoid` / `CrabLineFollowingWithAvoid`; `lateralAvoidMax` can be opened up to 600 mm safely.

== 安全 / Safety ==
绕障 Movement '''不是安全 e-stop''' —— 它的反应时间是 50 ms 量级（Movement tick），而安全 e-stop 必须 < 10 ms 并 ''独立于 Movement 逻辑''。`obstacleStopDist` 之外还必须有：

The Movement is '''not''' a safety e-stop — its reaction is at the ~50 ms tick. Always provide:

* 激光雷达紧急停止区（< 300 mm 内任何点）—— 接到 Medulla 上位 `eStop` 信号上。
* 物理安全条 / 急停按钮。
* SIL-2 / PL-d 的功能安全设备（重载场景）。

== 相关页面 / See also ==
* [[Special:MyLanguage/巡线行走|巡线行走]]
* [[Special:MyLanguage/车体抽象原理|车体抽象原理]]
* [[Special:MyLanguage/可达性状态编程|可达性状态编程]]
* [[Special:MyLanguage/使用手册 - 寻路启发器功能|寻路启发器功能]] — 调度侧重规划

[[Category:运动控制使用手册]]

绕障行走 - 版本历史

Artheru：​Initial bilingual draft (auto-published)

Artheru：Initial bilingual draft (auto-published)